Telangana is a state in India situated on the centre-south stretch of the Indian peninsula on the high Deccan Plateau. It is the eleventh largest state and the twelfth-most populated state in India with a geographical area of 112,077 km2 (43,273 sq mi) and 35,193,978 residents as per 2011 census.

The Hyderabad state joined the Union of India in 1948 after an Indian military invasion. In 1956, the Hyderabad State was dissolved as part of the linguistic reorganisation of states and Telangana was merged with the Telugu-speaking Andhra State (part of the Madras Presidencyduring the British Raj) to form Andhra Pradesh. A peasant-driven movement began to advocate for separation from Andhra Pradesh starting in the early 1950s, and continued until Telangana was awarded separate statehood on 2 June 2014.

The economy of Telangana is the eighth-largest state economy in India with ₹8.66 lakh crore (US$130 billion) in gross domestic product and a per capita GDP of ₹206,000 (US$3,000). Telangana ranks sixteenth among Indian states in human development index. The state has emerged as a major focus for robust IT software, industryand services sector. The state is also the main administrative centre to a large number of Indian defence aero-space and research labs like Bharat Dynamics Limited, Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory, Defence Research and Development Organisation and Defence Research and Development Laboratory.